Balfour Declaration Embracing History, Scripture Key to Judeo-Christian Unity

ARAB-ISRAELI RIGHTS: A BALFOUR DECLARATION DILEMMA
https://israelforever.org/interact/blog/arab_israel_rights_balfour_declaration_dilemma/?utm_content=Link+479557&utm_campaign=Newsletter&utm_source=History+Matters+in+our+fight+for+Truth&utm_medium=Email
By Dr. Elana Yael Heideman
Israeli tanks advancing on the Golan Heights during the Six Day War

At the conclusion of the Six Day War, Levi Eshkol wrote about the complexities of the Arab-Jewish relations at the 50th anniversary of the Balfour Declaration. Does his affirmation hold true today or have implications even for the current situation in which Israel and the Jewish People find itself.

With a strong command of the facts surrounding the historical development of the Israeli-Arab conflict, it becomes easier to know and understand the influences that created the current dynamic, which are crucial to any analysis or shaping of opinion on Israel’s ongoing predicament with its Arab citizens and neighbors.

In short: it is much more complicated than it may appear. When approaching the conflict, the Balfour Declaration is an important document to understand. Whereas the focus of the document rightly recognizes that the land belongs to the Jewish people as their homeland, the emphasis on the rights of its non-Jewish inhabitants are prominently featured in the final, official letter.


If we look back to Herzl’s writings, he, too, emphasized the rights of those in the land. Although Herzl believed in having a Jewish state, to him, such a land implied it would be built on peace and freedom for all citizens living within. Following the premise of the Jewish teaching that we should be a “light unto nations,” it was not enough for the future Jewish state to just belong to the Jewish people, but rather that it would be an exemplary society that could inspire and benefit all residents who would see the value of Jewish ideals, tradition, and the impact on their own lives.

As Herzl said, “The Jews who will it shall achieve their State. We shall live at last as free men on our own soil, and in our own homes peacefully die. The world will be liberated by our freedom, enriched by our wealth, magnified by our greatness. And whatever we attempt there for our own benefit will redound mightily and beneficially to the good of all mankind.”

The Balfour Declaration outlined one aspect of how the land conflict could be successfully managed: a sovereign Jewish State and its Arab citizens being treated with dignity and respect. As Herzl explains in the quote above, the Jewish people are obliged to be use our ethics and morals to create a society that welcomes all. However, within the structure of a Jewish democratic state with residents of many faiths, ethnicities and cultural identities, it is a bigger challenge today than even Herzl could have imagined.

Facts show that the Jewish population in the early years of Jewish settlement in the Land of Israel, as well as the government of the State of Israel since her establishment, have time and again made efforts to abide by this goal, creating laws and social standards that enable coexistence between Jews, Arabs, Muslims, Christians and others living in the land.

Unfortunately, in addition to the terror we see some Israeli Arabs, who are legal citizens of the State and thus possess a Teudah Zehut/identity card, receive equal rights and benefits, vote in elections, etc., taking part in or supporting acts of terrorism against the citizens of Israel. Too often, we see how they seek to inflict harm, they honor and celebrate their martyrs, and their education system continues to debase and demonize the Jews in every way. Moreover, their leadership takes little responsibility in the continued incitement to harm and murder. Inevitably, it causes speculation as to the legitimacy of the rights offered them in light of the lack of reciprocal respect towards their fellow citizens of Israel.

Thus we must ask ourselves, and of Levi Eshkol’s theory: what is the relevance to the disregard for the rights of Jewish citizens of the land, in accordance with the same premise set forth by the Balfour Declaration? Do the Arab citizens share responsibility of valuing and respecting the Jews, albeit even if they disagree with the premise of the state or certain actions of the government?

Moreover, how are the Jews supposed to be able to trust the Arabs as well as value and respect them when the we often need to fear them for our own lives? While the Arabs, perhaps, feel unrespected due to certain boundaries or limitations (such as the checkpoints or different levels of citizenship), to what extent do they bear responsibility for the “status quo” as they continue to foster and support terrorism? Does their emphasis on fostering Jewish fear, anxiety, paranoia, and resentment somehow negate the respect that the Jewish state should provide? These questions, unfortunately, were left out of Eshkol’s analysis and are deserving of consideration.

We know that the leadership of Israel has tried time and again to come up with solutions, but the lack of respect and recognition of the Jewish historical connection to the land are one of several issues hindering the true social equality that Eshkol laid forth in his statement 50 years after the Balfour Declaration.

Whereas it is certainly the responsibility for historians and advocates of Israel to learn and engage with the concrete facts of conquest, settlements and governance in accordance with international law, the topic of the Arab-Israeli conflict and these social realities are important for all Jews so that they can feel ready to defend Israel with facts in any situation that comes their way and, more importantly, to feel pride in Israel’s continued efforts to live up to this important aspect of the Balfour Declaration.
Until there is cooperation from both sides toward historical honor and justice, the Balfour Declaration’s intention can be hard if not

 impossible to follow through. It may be 100 years later but there is still a lot that must be accomplished before the message of the Balfour Declaration can be successfully and meaningfully fulfilled. With knowledge, understanding, and commitment of each Jew toward the collective responsibility we share, transmitting to our own youth as well as to the rest of the world, we can get one step closer to that goal.

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
Do you believe that it is the responsibility of every Jew to delve deeply into the Arab-Israeli conflict or do you think that the conflict should be left up to politicians?
What is one way that Jews today can truly study and understand the importance of the conflict?
How have you personally learned about the conflict and in what ways has that helped you connect to Israel and stand up for what you believe in?
Do you think that there will ever be cooperation between the Arabs and the Israelis and what would need to happen to make this possible?
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Embracing History, Scripture Key to Judeo-Christian Unity
Image: Embracing History, Scripture Key to Judeo-Christian Unity
U.S. Ambassador to the U.N. Nikki Haley speaks at the 2017 American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) Policy Conference held in Washington, D.C., back on Monday, March 27 of this year. (Jose Luis Magana/AP)
By Rabbi Tuly Weisz
Tuesday, 31 Oct 2017 05:50 PMCurrent | Bio | Archive
http://www.newsmax.com/RabbiTulyWeisz/balfour-england-zionists/2017/10/31/id/823256/
This week marks the 100th anniversary of one of the most important documents in modern history. In the middle of World War I, on Nov. 2, 1917, England issued the "Balfour Declaration," recognizing the Jewish people’s right to return to Palestine — their national homeland. This was the first major milestone contributing to the founding of the State of Israel 30 years later.

The history behind the Balfour Declaration is both surprising and fascinating.

Of all the kingdoms and empires controlling the Holy Land over the millennia, England was the first and only to acknowledge the Jewish people’s legitimate claim to their historic homeland. "His Majesty’s government views with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this object," wrote Foreign Minister James Arthur Balfour to Lord Walter Rothschild in what became known as the Magna Carta of the Jewish state.

Balfour was a deeply religious Christian who read his Bible every day. Although he didn’t keep memoirs, his niece wrote that he considered the Balfour Declaration his greatest accomplishment, since it combined his role as a politician with the promises outlined in the Bible. He was one of the first "Christian Zionists" who support the Jewish people and the state of Israel, stemming from their understanding of the word of God. Christian Zionism has played, and continues to play an important part in the modern story of Israel and is the subject of a conference taking place in Jerusalem this week.

Israel365 along with the Christian group Bridges for Peace is hosting a conference in Jerusalem entitled 100 Years of Christian Zionism: From Arthur James Balfour to Nikki Haley this coming Thursday.

We are gathering thought leaders to discuss trends in Christian Zionism in our panel Restoration Without Replacement and looking at the Biblical sources that describe Jews and Gentiles working together on behalf of Israel.

The centennial anniversary of the Balfour Declaration is the right time to reflect on our appreciation for the Bible, the positive developments within Christian Zionism, and how faith-based diplomacy can help secure the Jewish state for the next century. Much has changed over the past 100 years both in terms of Israel’s own strength and in the relationship between Jews and Christians. Nonetheless, one thing is clear: the Bible remains a powerful tool for effecting change and bringing peace to the region.

Not everyone views the Balfour Declaration in a positive light. Anti Israel activists and anti-Semites are calling England to renounce their decision from the previous century, yet many are proud of Britain's role in shaping history and the Biblical reasons for doing so.

As Newsmax readers, we should embrace the parts of our faith that Jews and Christians share and focus more on the Bible’s emphasis on the connection between the people of Israel and the land of Israel. By recognizing the Biblical background of the Balfour Declaration, many more Christian Zionists, can — like Balfour — emerge to change the face of history.

Rabbi Weisz is the director of Israel365, which connects 2 million people to Israel every month. He founded the I365 newsletter, is publisher of Breaking Israel News, and editor of The Israel Bible. He lives with his family in Ramat Beit Shemesh. To read more of his reports, Click Here Now.
https://www.newsmax.com/Insiders/RabbiTulyWeisz/id-481/


The Mystery of the Jews
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6k1jHAYtbI&t=498s

simpletoremember
Published on 13 Jan 2015
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Who are the Jews? What impact have the Jews had on the world? A powerful short film that reveals the real story behind "The Mystery of the Jews". With remarkable insights by renowned historians, world leaders and perceptive authors. "The Mystery of the Jews" challenges the normative conception of human history. http://simpletoremember.com/


Zionists extracted 1917 Balfour Declaration from British as price for bringing U.S. into WWI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bjmUNR4sLMg




The 1916 Battle of the Somme in WWI – one million casualties and the result inconclusive – Former Tory Education secretary Michael Gove called World War One a 'Just War' but was it really? Benjamin Freedman at Washington DC's Willard Hotel in 1961 discusses US joining the war on the proviso that Zionists would get Palestine: As Germany sued for peace after battle of the Somme in 1916 London was on its knees but hesitated. Zionists offered to bring the United States in on the losing British, Italian, French and Russian side against Germany, The Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungarian Empire which ended up being decisive. Zionists around Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, extracted 1917 Balfour Declaration from British government as price for bringing US into WWI which carried on for another two years of mindless slaughter and human sacrifice. Balfour Declaration 1917 and again ceremonially reiterated in 1926; letter is to British Zionist chief Walter Rothschild; sinking of the RMS Lusitania with many Americans on board by German submarine had prepared the way. Vice News – Milène Larsson discusses with London Jewish Rabbi Bach from Neturei Karta whether Israel is a Jewish nation – Nakba (catastrophe) day is mourning for Palestinians and celebration for Israelis.
https://politicsthisweek.wordpress.co...


So much emphasis is placed on select Jewish participation in Bormann companies that when Adolf Eichmann was seized and taken to Tel Aviv to stand trial, it produced a shock wave in the Jewish and German communities of Buenos Aires. Jewish leaders informed the Israeli authorities in no uncertain terms that this must never happen again because a repetition would permanently rupture relations with the Germans of Latin America, as well as with the Bormann organization, and cut off the flow of Jewish money to Israel. It never happened again, and the pursuit of Bormann quieted down at the request of these Jewish leaders. He is residing in an Argentinian safe haven, protected by the most efficient German infrastructure in history as well as by all those whose prosperity depends on his well-being.
http://spitfirelist.com/books/martin-...







The Birth of Israel - Balfour Declaration
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zDlZXdB3-Y





Balfour Declaration turns 100, Netanyahu challenges Palestinians to recognize Israel
November 2, 2017
Balfour Declaration turns 100, Netanyahu challenges Palestinians to recognize IsraelIsraeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu and UK PM Theresa May. (Kobi Gideon/GPO)
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At the centenary celebration of the Balfour Declaration, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu declared that Palestinian recognition of the Jewish state is the key to peace.

Speaking in London to mark one century since the Balfour Declaration was issued calling for the establishment of a Jewish state, the Israeli prime minister hailed the blossoming UK-Israel alliance and urged the Palestinians to finally recognize the Jewish state. Netanyahu also insisted he’s committed to fixing, not nixing the Iran deal.

“A hundred years after Balfour, the Palestinians should finally accept the Jewish national home and finally accept the Jewish state,” Netanyahu told UK Prime Minister Theresa May. “And when they do, the road to peace will be infinitely closer. In my opinion, peace will be achievable.”

Netanyahu’s comments came during a special state visit to the UK to participate in an event marking the centennial since the issuing of the Balfour Declaration.

The declaration, issued by Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour to a leader of the British Jewish community Lord Rothchild in a letter dated November 2, 1917, spelled out the British government’s support “in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people” and pledged to “use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object.”

Speaking in a joint press conference with May in 10 Downing Street in London, the Israeli premier began his remarks by expressing his gratitude to the Conservative prime minister for inviting him to participate in marking “with pride a great historical event, a great event in Jewish history, British history and world history.”

Paying tribute to the UK’s past contribution to catalyzing the establishment of the Jewish state, Netanyahu also celebrated the strong alliance that had been developed between the UK and Israel.

“A hundred years later, our two countries, our two democracies–Israel and Britain–are strong allies and partners,” Netanyahu said, listing just a few of the various fields in which the friendship has blossomed.

“We cooperate closely on intelligence. We cooperate closely in the battle against terrorism. And we’ve saved, through this cooperation, countless lives–British lives, Israeli lives,” he said.

“We cooperate in cybersecurity, in technology, in business and enterprise. We share the values of freedom and democracy and peace.”

Turning his attention to the peace process between his country and the Palestinians, which have stagnated in recent years since the last peace push spearheaded by former US president Barack Obama, Netanyahu reiterated that both he and Israel are committed to peace, but added that the crucial caveat lay in Palestinian recognition of Israel as the Jewish state.

Moreover, Netanyahu highlighted the “great things that are happening in the Middle East,” citing the “many Arab countries” who “now see Israel not as an enemy, but as their indispensable ally in the battle against militant Islam.”

Concluding his remarks, Netanyahu addressed the Iranian threat, stressing its commitment to dominating the region and its ambition to develop nuclear weapons.

However, Netanyahu was keen to clarify his position on the Iranian nuclear deal signed by the Obama administration, insisting that he was not determined to scrap the deal, but rather to improve it.

“The goal that I have in mind is not keeping or eliminating the deal; it’s improving the deal and correcting its main flaws. And I think those who want to keep the deal should cooperate in correcting the deal,” Netanyahu said in a remark apparently directed at May, who recently announced her belief that the nuclear agreement must not be scrapped.

“I have some concrete ideas, which I look forward to discussing with you,” Netanyahu added, before thanking May, who is considered a staunch supporter of Britain’s Jewish community and Israel, “for your resolute stand against anti-Semitism, for your resolute stand on the historical truth and for your friendship. Thank you, Prime Minister.”

By: Manny Ben-David, World Israel News



PM Netanyahu Opens Trading on the London Stock Exchange
By Video Manager November 5, 2017 , 1:00 pm
In Britain to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Balfour Declaration, PM Netanyahu brings Israel’s innovation to the London stock market, ceremoniously opening the day’s exchange.
WATCH PM Netanyahu Opens Trading on the London Stock Exchange
https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=16&v=ylEfmrhYYuE

https://www.breakingisraelnews.com/97315/pm-netanyahu-opens-trading-london-stock-exchange/#ComfJXKxh3LbL8QQ.99





Theresa May Praises UK’s Role in Creation of Israel as Nations Mark Balfour Centennial
By JNS November 5, 2017 , 7:30 am
“Praise Hashem; call on His name; proclaim His deeds among the peoples.” I Chronicles 16:8 (The Israel Bible)
image: https://www.breakingisraelnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/bibi-may.jpg
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and British Prime Minister Theresa May meet in London on Thursday. (Kobi Gideon/GPO)
Marking the 100th anniversary of the Balfour Declaration, British Prime Minister Theresa May praised her country’s role in helping pave the way for the creation of the state of Israel.

At a dinner attended by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu as well as a host of other British and Israeli dignitaries, May said the U.K. is proud “of the relationship we have built with Israel,” and called for “renewed resolve to support a lasting peace that is in the interests of both Israelis and Palestinians.”

Netanyahu, who is on a five-day visit to the U.K., said in response that Israel is “committed to peace” and that “the Palestinians should finally accept the Jewish national home and finally accept the Jewish state. And when they do, the road to peace will be infinitely closer. In my opinion, peace will be achievable.”

“A hundred years ago, the Balfour Declaration helped pave the way for the re-establishment of an independent state for the Jewish people in our ancestral homeland,” he added. “A hundred years later, our two countries, our two democracies—Israel and Britain—are strong allies and partners.”

Issued in November 1917, the Balfour Declaration offered Britain’s support for “the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people.”

The U.K.’s political opposition leader, Jeremy Corbyn—whose Labour party has been dogged by allegations of anti-Semitism in recent years—did not attend the Balfour centennial dinner. Corbyn, who in the past has described the Hamas and Hezbollah terror groups as “our friends,” citied pre-existing engagements for his non-attendance, which some viewed as a snub of Netanyahu.

Corbyn also called for the British government to recognize Palestinian statehood.

“Balfour promised to help establish a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine while pledging that nothing would be done to prejudice the rights of its ‘existing non-Jewish communities,’” Corbyn said in a statement.

“A hundred years on,” he said, “the second part of Britain’s pledge has still not been fulfilled and Britain’s historic role means we have a special responsibility to the Palestinian people, who are still denied their basic rights.”

Netanyahu, meanwhile, on Friday opened trading at the London Stock Exchange and said he “spoke with dozens of business people who love Israel and invest in Israel.”

“I told them: invest more and bring your friends too,” said Netanyahu. “There is great admiration for Israel [in the U.K.], and considerable success.”
Read more at https://www.breakingisraelnews.com/97308/theresa-may-praises-uks-role-creation-israel-nations-mark-balfour-centennial/#KGiRpPvGsUAAAXBb.99

Theresa May Praises UK’s Role in Creation of Israel as Nations Mark Balfour Centennial
By JNS November 5, 2017 , 7:30 am
“Praise Hashem; call on His name; proclaim His deeds among the peoples.” I Chronicles 16:8 (The Israel Bible)
image: https://www.breakingisraelnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/bibi-may.jpg
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and British Prime Minister Theresa May meet in London on Thursday. (Kobi Gideon/GPO)
Marking the 100th anniversary of the Balfour Declaration, British Prime Minister Theresa May praised her country’s role in helping pave the way for the creation of the state of Israel.

At a dinner attended by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu as well as a host of other British and Israeli dignitaries, May said the U.K. is proud “of the relationship we have built with Israel,” and called for “renewed resolve to support a lasting peace that is in the interests of both Israelis and Palestinians.”

Netanyahu, who is on a five-day visit to the U.K., said in response that Israel is “committed to peace” and that “the Palestinians should finally accept the Jewish national home and finally accept the Jewish state. And when they do, the road to peace will be infinitely closer. In my opinion, peace will be achievable.”

“A hundred years ago, the Balfour Declaration helped pave the way for the re-establishment of an independent state for the Jewish people in our ancestral homeland,” he added. “A hundred years later, our two countries, our two democracies—Israel and Britain—are strong allies and partners.”

Issued in November 1917, the Balfour Declaration offered Britain’s support for “the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people.”

The U.K.’s political opposition leader, Jeremy Corbyn—whose Labour party has been dogged by allegations of anti-Semitism in recent years—did not attend the Balfour centennial dinner. Corbyn, who in the past has described the Hamas and Hezbollah terror groups as “our friends,” citied pre-existing engagements for his non-attendance, which some viewed as a snub of Netanyahu.

Corbyn also called for the British government to recognize Palestinian statehood.

“Balfour promised to help establish a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine while pledging that nothing would be done to prejudice the rights of its ‘existing non-Jewish communities,’” Corbyn said in a statement.

“A hundred years on,” he said, “the second part of Britain’s pledge has still not been fulfilled and Britain’s historic role means we have a special responsibility to the Palestinian people, who are still denied their basic rights.”

Netanyahu, meanwhile, on Friday opened trading at the London Stock Exchange and said he “spoke with dozens of business people who love Israel and invest in Israel.”

“I told them: invest more and bring your friends too,” said Netanyahu. “There is great admiration for Israel [in the U.K.], and considerable success.”
Read more at https://www.breakingisraelnews.com/97308/theresa-may-praises-uks-role-creation-israel-nations-mark-balfour-centennial/#KGiRpPvGsUAAAXBb.99








WATCH AND UNDERSTAND This was before the United Nations.
The BALFOUR Declaration > It was adopted issued by the 1922 Mandate issued by the League of
Nations International Community, precursor to United Nations.
Israel Celebrates
the Balfour Declaration Centennial Israel

Published on 26 Oct 2017
The November 2, 1917, Balfour Declaration was a major milestone

in the recognition by the international community of the Jewish people's historic rights
to the Land of Israel.
What makes the Balfour Declaration stand out
is that it was adopted by the League of Nations
(the precursor to the United Nations) in 1922,
paving the way to Israel’s independence on May 14, 1948.
Israel Celebrates the Balfour Declaration Centennial

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=35&v=lTC4OAUPkO8


Opinion: Britain should apologize for undermining the Balfour Declaration
https://worldisraelnews.com/opinion-britain-apologize-undermining-balfour-declaration
November 7, 2017
Opinion: Britain should apologize for undermining the Balfour DeclarationJames Arthur Balfour (Wikipedia)
Anti-Israel activists demand that Britain apologize for the Balfour Declaration, but in fact they should apologize for undermining the historic document.
By: Daniel Krygier, Political Analyst, World Israel News
Israel’s enemies demand that Britain ”apologize” for the Balfour Declaration. According to the false anti-Zionist narrative, Britain gave the Jews a land that belonged to the Arabs.
The centennial of the British Foreign Secretary James Arthur Balfour’s famous letter to Jewish leader Lord Rothschild in 1917 serves as a good opportunity to revisit history and set the record straight concerning Britain, the Jews and the Arabs.
First, the British never gave Israel to the Jews. Second, the Jews are the indigenous population of Israel. Third, there was never an Arab country or state in the land of Israel, and much of the local Arabs were recent immigrants from Syria, Lebanon, Iraq and Egypt.
The ink on the Balfour Declaration had barely dried before Balfour’s Christian Zionism was replaced with British anti-Zionism that appeased extremist Arab leaders at the expense of the Jewish people. Not only did Britain not create modern Israel; post-Balfour London did everything in its power to prevent Israel’s rebirth. The support for a Jewish national homeland was replaced by the infamous White Paper in 1939 that undermined and postponed the reestablishment of the Jewish state by a decade. As a result of London’s cynical anti-Jewish policies, millions of Jews perished in the Holocaust, since they had nowhere to go and Britain prevented Jews from returning to their ancestral homeland. If Britain should apologize for anything relating to the Balfour Declaration, it should be for London’s failure to implement its promise to Lord Rothschild and the Jewish people.
Corbyn’s ‘Shocking Ignorance’
Britain’s leftist leader Jeremy Corbyn refused to attend the Balfour Centennial gala with Prime Minister Theresa May and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. The British Labor leader also demanded that London recognizes “Palestine.” Mr. Corbyn reveals a shocking ignorance of his own country’s history. In 1921, Britain illegally established the artificial Arab state Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan on 78 % of the Palestine Mandate territory. This area became Jew-free and the ongoing Arab-Jewish conflict is driven by an Arab refusal to recognize the existence of a Jewish state within any borders of the remaining 22 % of the territory. Britain openly sided with the Arabs during Israel’s War of Independence in 1948. Britain armed the Arab Legion, which was led by British officers including Lieutenant General John Glubb. London only recognized Israel’s existence in 1950, two years after the failed Arab aggression.
The legal foundation of modern Israel is not found in the Balfour Declaration, but in the new world order that emerged at the international San Remo Conference after World War I. Led by the US President Woodrow Wilson, the international community recognized the self-determination of nations worldwide from Czechs in Europe to Jews, Arabs and Kurds in the Middle East. The Jewish people’s right to self-determination was based on its historical and national rights in their ancestral homeland Israel.
The reborn spirit of Bar Kokhba and the Maccabees – and not Balfour – paved the way to Israel’s rebirth. Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion proclaimed modern Israel in 1948, which is the legal heir of the Jewish kingdom established by King David 3000 years ago.